{"id":14234,"date":"2022-03-21T14:58:36","date_gmt":"2022-03-21T14:58:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/?p=14234"},"modified":"2022-03-21T14:58:39","modified_gmt":"2022-03-21T14:58:39","slug":"gs-le-dinh-thong-hau-qua-phap-ly-cua-viec-nuoc-nga-xam-luoc-ukraine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/?p=14234","title":{"rendered":"GS. L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u00f4ng – H\u1eadu Qu\u1ea3 Ph\u00e1p L\u00fd C\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7c N\u01b0\u1edbc Nga X\u00e2m L\u01b0\u1ee3c Ukraine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 16\/03, \u00d4ng Joan Donoghue, ch\u00e1nh th\u1ea9m T\u00f2a \u00c1n C\u00f4ng l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (The International Court of Justice \u2013 ICJ. La Cour internationale de justice – CIJ) \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh cho n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 ngay c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb 24\/02\/2022, tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Ukraine. C\u01a1 quan t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i La Haye (H\u00f2a Lan) \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 quan ng\u1ea1i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Ukraine theo \u0111\u00f3 sau c\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng l\u00fd s\u1ebd th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Theo ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a CIJ, n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ngay x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 r\u00fat qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u01a1 quan t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a LHQ kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n bu\u1ed9c n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1946 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o l\u01b0u kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (provisional measures – mesures conservatoires) nh\u1eb1m l\u01b0u gi\u1eef hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa T\u00f2a \u00e1n C\u00f4ng l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 T\u00f2a \u00e1n H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf :
\nT\u00f2a \u00e1n C\u00f4ng l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n tuy\u00ean x\u1eed c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean LHQ. C\u00f2n T\u00f2a \u00e1n H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng (g\u00e9nocide), t\u1ed9i ch\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (crimes contre l\u2019humanit\u00e9) v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tranh (crimes de guerre).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a) T\u00f2a \u00e1n C\u00f4ng l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf g\u1ed3m 15 th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n, nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 9 n\u0103m do \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng LHQ v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ea3o an LHQ bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft. T\u00f2a \u00e1n C\u00f4ng l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (principe d\u2019ind\u00e9pendance), nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 (principe d\u2019impartialit\u00e9) v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n (principe de comp\u00e9tence). Theo c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u00e0nh (pouvoir coercitif) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia li\u00ean h\u1ec7 trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. T\u00f2a \u00e1n C\u00f4ng l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1eadt (comp\u00e9tence ratione materiae) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i danh : di\u1ec7t ch\u00fang, t\u1ed9i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u00e1c chi\u00e9n tranh. Ng\u00e0y 11\/06\/2010 c\u00f2n th\u00eam t\u1ed9i \u00e1c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c (crime d\u2019agression).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

b) T\u00f2a \u00e1n H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (International Criminal Court \u2013 ICC. Tribunal P\u00e9nal International – TPI) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o Qui ch\u1ebf Roma. Qui ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nu\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean LHQ, h\u1ecdp t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 15\/06 \u0111\u1ebfn 17\/07\/1998. Sau khi 60 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n, T\u00f2a \u00e1n H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 hi\u00eau l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb 01\/07\/2022. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 04\/03\/2016, c\u00f3 123 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean LHQ ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n Qui ch\u1ebf Roma, ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. T\u00f2a \u00e1n H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb7c mi\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c gia. Ng\u00e0y 02\/03, ch\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00fd Karim Khan tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u1edf h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1n Poutine v\u1edbi t\u1ed9i danh chi\u1ebfn tranh (crimes de guerre), theo \u0111i\u1ec1u 8 Qui ch\u1ebf Roma c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2002. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga (agissements russes) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng. Poutine v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Poutine g\u00e2y chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a kh\u1ed5 sai chung th\u00e2n (perp\u00e9tuit\u00e9).
\nNg\u00e0y 16\/03, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Joe Biden tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Poutine l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfn tranh (criminel de guerre). Nga v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c Ukraine ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn qui ch\u1ebf trung l\u1eadp. Nh\u01b0ng Ukraine \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf \u00fd ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c thi\u00eat h\u1ea1i do cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Ukraine g\u00e2y ra :
\nCao \u1ee7y LHQ v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i Ukraine c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf : 691 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng (trong s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 50 tr\u1ebb em), 1140 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng (trong s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 62 tr\u1ebb em).
\nV\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nga, kho\u1ea3ng 12 ng\u00e0n l\u00ednh thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng. Ng\u0169 gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0i \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 2 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn 4 ng\u00e0n l\u00ednh Nga thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng trong 14 ng\u00e0y giao tranh.
\nTheo T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Di tr\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (Organisation internationale pour les migrations), trong ba tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea7u giao tranh, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 3 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ukraine ch\u1ea1y tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi Ukraine, trong s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 1,4 tri\u1ec7u tr\u1ebb em.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Forbes, Nga m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 5 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la (4,5 t\u1ef7 euros). Trong s\u1ed1 1380 chi\u1ebfn xa tham chi\u1ebfn, 598 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y, 211 l\u00ednh Nga \u0111\u00e0o ng\u0169, 551 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m t\u00f9 binh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c Nga ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Ukraine l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00f9n \u0111en (tchernoziom) s\u00ecnh l\u1ea7y khi\u1ebfn xe t\u0103ng b\u1ecb sa l\u1ea7y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp v\u1eadn v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh c\u0169ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i tam t\u00e0i : \u2018\u2018thi\u00ean b\u1ea5t th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ecba b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a\u2019\u2019 cho Poutine v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga t\u1ea1i Ukraine v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Paris, ng\u00e0y 18\/03\/2022<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y 16\/03, \u00d4ng Joan Donoghue, ch\u00e1nh th\u1ea9m T\u00f2a \u00c1n C\u00f4ng l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (The International […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14237,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14234","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tim-hieu"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lediemchihue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Picture1-1.jpg?fit=366%2C234&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7bhGG-3HA","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14234","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14234"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14234\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14239,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14234\/revisions\/14239"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14234"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14234"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}