{"id":13321,"date":"2021-09-09T20:25:46","date_gmt":"2021-09-09T20:25:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/?p=13321"},"modified":"2021-09-09T20:25:48","modified_gmt":"2021-09-09T20:25:48","slug":"cuoc-chien-viet-nam-va-cuoc-chien-afghanistan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/?p=13321","title":{"rendered":"Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Afghanistan"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng so s\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh S\u00e0i G\u00f2n th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 Kabul c\u1ee7a A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay qu\u00e2n ph\u1ec9 Taliban. Nh\u1eefng d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n Nam, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n 1975 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng chuy\u1ec7n A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n th\u00ec c\u00f2n xa l\u1ea1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i n\u00e9t gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1ed9t tr\u1eddi m\u1ed9t v\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam VN v\u00e0 A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00ec quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u0103m 1965 v\u00ec tin v\u00e0o thuy\u1ebft Dominoes, h\u1ec5 m\u1ea5t VNCH s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ea5t Th\u00e1i Lan, M\u00e3 Lai, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n \u2026y nh\u01b0 trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e1n b\u00e0i Dominoes, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n m\u00f4i h\u1edf r\u0103ng l\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Taliban n\u0103m 2001 v\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5p Bin Laden, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 9\/11 \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1eadp hai t\u00f2a th\u00e1p \u0111\u00f4i t\u1ea1i New York. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 reo r\u1eafc kinh ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i h\u1ea1i cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Hoa K\u1ef3, ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ee5t th\u00ea th\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m s\u00e1u n\u0103m sau th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi ng\u00f3c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1973, theo b\u00e1o ch\u00ed S\u00e0i G\u00f2n mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 18 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc kho\u1ea3ng 20 tri\u1ec7u, c\u1ea3 hai mi\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 40 tri\u1ec7u. Trong khi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 Afghanistan 32 tri\u1ec7u, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng 184 trong s\u1ed1 194 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (1). C\u0169ng l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng chi\u1ebfn tranh VN l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Afghanistan v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1ea5p Qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean. Th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1972 CSBV \u0111\u01b0a 14 S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00ednh qui, 26 Trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, 500 xe t\u0103ng, ph\u00eda M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 4 H\u00e0ng Kh\u00f4ng M\u1eabu H\u1ea1m y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3, h\u01a1n 400 m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt, 171 B-52, n\u0103m tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1m, 44 khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. S\u1ed1 bom x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong chi\u1ebfn tranh VN nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 bom \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng \u00c2u Ch\u00e2u trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn VN g\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n. Ph\u00eda CS c\u00f3 1 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1n binh BV v\u00e0 100 ng\u00e0n l\u00ednh M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ch\u1ebft tr\u1eadn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 kho\u1ea3ng 58,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, VNCH c\u00f3 230,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong khi \u1ea5y Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n c\u00f3 70,000 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, ph\u00eda Taliban 51,200 t\u1eed tr\u1eadn, M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 2,420 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, NATO c\u00f3 Anh 456 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Canada 159 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Ph\u00e1p 89, \u0110\u1ee9c 62, \u00dd 53, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c 337 ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 tham gia chi\u1ebfn tranh VN t\u1eeb 1950 khi Trung C\u1ed9ng th\u1eafng T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch, h\u1ecd gi\u00fap Vi\u1ec7t Minh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp 5 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00ednh qui t\u1ea1i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t-Hoa. M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00fap Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng v\u00ec c\u00f2n lo cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, t\u1edbi n\u0103m 1953 M\u1ef9 gi\u00fap Ph\u00e1p 50% chi\u1ebfn ph\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1954 gi\u00fap 80% chi\u1ebfn ph\u00ed. N\u0103m 1955, 56 Ph\u00e1p r\u00fat v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi th\u1ea5t tr\u1eadn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, TT Eisenhower ch\u01b0a gi\u00fap VNCH nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng n\u0103m 1961 TT Kennedy gi\u00fap VNCH nhi\u1ec1u v\u0169 kh\u00ed, \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u1eedi c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn sang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1965, CSBV \u0111\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u trung \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00ednh qui v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, TT Johnson \u0111\u1ed5 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o VNCH 184 ng\u00e0n l\u00ednh n\u0103m \u1ea5y, t\u1edbi 1968 Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00ean t\u1edbi 530 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o VN n\u0103m 1965 th\u00ec mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t trong v\u00f2ng 6 th\u00e1ng, qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i VNCH t\u1eeb 1965 t\u1edbi 1972 th\u00ec r\u00fat v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 7 n\u0103m ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i 20 n\u0103m nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn cho VNCH n\u0103m 1975 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 tri\u1ec7u qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i thua m\u1ea5y tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n qu\u00e2n CSBV, s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u qu\u00e2n cho oai nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi 300 ng\u00e0n l\u00e0 l\u00ednh nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 g\u1ed3m 13 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00ednh qui, 15 li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n B\u0110Q, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n, c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t, nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn, CSBV th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ebft l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 tr\u1eadn T\u1ed5ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1972 v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1975.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TT Nixon n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cCSBV \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong tr\u1eadn T\u1ed5ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00f9a L\u1ec5 Ph\u1ee5c sinh 1972: 14 S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 26 Trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam, ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n Trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i L\u00e0o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh qui n\u00e0o t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(No More Vietnams trang 150.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1eadn T\u1ed5ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng 1975, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0a 4 Qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n 1, 2, 3, 4 v\u00e0 \u0110o\u00e0n 232 (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t Qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n), b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ebf m\u00e0 Kissinger \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n TQLC ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo l\u1eddi TT Nixon nh\u1edd oanh t\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1972 m\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i BV b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh t\u01a1i t\u1eddi, 75% xe t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ch\u00e1y, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1n binh b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn l\u00ean t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 100 ng\u00e0n. C\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n th\u1ea3m b\u1ea1i trong Tr\u1eadn t\u1ed5ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng 1972, kho\u1ea3ng 100,000 c\u00e1n binh b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, 700 xe t\u0103ng b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ch\u00e1y (2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0o g\u00e2y chia r\u1ebd n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfn tranh VN, t\u1eeb 1965, 66, 67, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3m. Gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 10-1965, ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn l\u00ean cao v\u00e0 lan m\u1ea1nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh phong tr\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u00e9o h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac t\u1ea1i 80 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, Paris, La M\u00e3\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 27\/11\/1965 kho\u1ea3ng 40,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1edbi bao v\u00e2y T\u00f2a B\u1ea1ch \u1ed0c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh, c\u0169ng trong ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson cho t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n leo thang t\u1eeb 120,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1edbi 400,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 15\/4\/1967 c\u00f3 400,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi (g\u1ea7n n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u) bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i New York, h\u1ecd \u0111i t\u1eeb Central Park t\u1edbi tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 100,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi di\u1ec5n h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Francisco.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn VN cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70 do hai \u0111\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o l\u00e0m hay, \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 k\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ch quan. \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ecf Mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ecd cho l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, b\u1ecb d\u00e2n ch\u00fang ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, ch\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t s\u1edbm. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 Humphrey 1968 v\u00e0 McGovern n\u0103m 1972 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng khai n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi ra tranh c\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi \u1ea5y, ph\u00eda C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, TT Nixon n\u00f3i ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef VNCH v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00edt ra trong hai nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, n\u0103m 1975, TT Ford v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i giao Kissinger l\u1ea1i cho l\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t uy t\u00edn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u. TT Nixon ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh trong danh d\u1ef1, khi M\u1ef9 r\u00fat qu\u00e2n ra VNCH kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y n\u00ean C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a th\u1eafng c\u1ea3 hai nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Nixon \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eafng trong k\u1ef3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng 1972, t\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u01b0a ai th\u1eafng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: 96% phi\u1ebfu C\u1eed tri \u0111o\u00e0n, h\u01a1n d\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 17 tri\u1ec7u phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb s\u1ee9c \u00e9p t\u1eeb Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7. H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n Nixon ph\u1ea3i k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh Paris tr\u1ec5 l\u1eafm l\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 1\/1973 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ra Lu\u1eadt ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn VN t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60 cho t\u1edbi 1975, D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 lu\u00f4n n\u1eafm \u01b0u th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 2\/1972 TT Nixon \u0111i Trung C\u1ed9ng, th\u00e1ng 5\/1972 \u00f4ng \u0111i Nga, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng Nixon h\u00f2a v\u1edbi Nga, T\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecf mi\u1ec1n Nam, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecf mi\u1ec1n Nam th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111i c\u00f4ng du l\u00e0m g\u00ec cho m\u1ec7t. S\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c Nixon mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng CS qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e9p BV k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh Paris, tuy nhi\u00ean Nga, T\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng \u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c BV k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh. Ng\u00e0y 13\/12\/1972, BV ph\u00e1 h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e0m Ba L\u00ea, b\u1ecf h\u1ecdp v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00ec tin r\u1eb1ng Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 h\u1ecdp kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m, s\u1ebd ra Lu\u1eadt ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh, mang qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, BV kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i k\u00fd k\u1ebft cho m\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1edd sai c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n khi\u1ebfn cho TT Nixon m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c Oanh t\u1ea1c Gi\u00e1ng sinh n\u0103m 1972, tr\u1eadn oanh t\u1ea1c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb sau Th\u1ebf Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9 Hai. Nh\u1edd oanh t\u1ea1c long tr\u1eddi l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn BV h\u1ed3n v\u00eda l\u00ean m\u00e2y xanh ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u00e0n H\u1ed9i Ngh\u1ecb, ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n BV tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Ba L\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u1edbt ha h\u1edbt h\u1ea3i y nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con ch\u00f3 s\u1ee3 ph\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong No More Vietnams, \u201cs\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d c\u1ef1u TT Nixon vi\u1ebft h\u1ed3i k\u00fd k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 qua v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 VN, nh\u01b0ng nay bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u1ea5y l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn Afghanistan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00fang 20 n\u0103m, ng\u00e0y 9\/11 Bin Laden thu\u1ed9c Al-Qaeda \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1eadp t\u00f2a th\u00e1p \u0111\u00f4i t\u1ea1i New York, l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft 3,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. TT Bush con l\u1ec7nh cho Taliban t\u1ea1i A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n ph\u1ea3i giao n\u1ed9p Bin Laden cho M\u1ef9, Taliban kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu giao n\u00ean M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed5 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfm h\u00f4m 7\/10\/2001. M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m sau ng\u00e0y 2\/5\/2011 M\u1ef9 m\u1edbi gi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Bin Laden. Theo nh\u01b0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u00ec qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n tha cho c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh Taliban ai v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 n\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc NATO nh\u01b0 Anh, Canada, Ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c, \u00dd \u2026 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o gi\u00fap M\u1ef9 v\u00ec theo \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 khi m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u1ed1i NATO b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c trong kh\u1ed1i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb Al-Qaeda t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau ng\u00e0y 7\/10\/2001 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Taliban, l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u00e2n M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0i gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i M\u1ef9 chi\u1ebfm A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n v\u00e0 \u1edf l\u1ea1i 20 n\u0103m v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean tr\u00f9 ph\u00fa. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t anh b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n sau ng\u00e0y 30\/4\/1975. Anh ta c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc trung \u00fay, trung \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTh\u1eb1ng M\u1ef9 n\u00f3 cho m\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0ng mai m\u1ed1t n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u00f3 \u0111em v\u1ec1, trong \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u00f3 n\u00f3i n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ecf v\u00e0ng, m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u00ec, k\u1ebdm\u2026.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t ngu xu\u1ea9n, n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 GDP (nay l\u00e0 22,000 t\u1ef7) \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u0103m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd d\u01b0 th\u1eeba, \u00ea h\u1ec1. M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111i b\u00f2n r\u00fat c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o m\u1ea1t r\u1ec7p, ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m 2,261 t\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n nam VN n\u0103m 1965 v\u00ec s\u1ee3 m\u1ea5t \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 nay s\u1ee3 m\u1ea5t A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n v\u00e0o tay b\u1ecdn kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y chia r\u1ebd tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1i VN nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2, 261 t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim (3). D\u00f9 l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a hay D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi chuy\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 r\u00fat b\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch r\u00fat qu\u00e2n th\u00ec m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea9y ra m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro l\u1edbn, Al- Qaeda tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 n\u00f3i cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Hoa K\u1ef3, d\u00e0i h\u01a1n cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn VN kho\u1ea3ng 5 th\u00e1ng (4). Ph\u00eda Taliban nay d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u1ed1i H\u1ed3i Gi\u00e1o: Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenstan\u2026trong nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3nh khi Taliban ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Kabul, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd c\u00f3 v\u0169 kh\u00ed n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 xe t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 v\u00f5 trang s\u00fang c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, trung li\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea1i li\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong War in Afghanistan (2001-2021) c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hai b\u00ean, ph\u00eda ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a H\u1ed3i Gi\u00e1o Afghanistan (Islamic Republic of Afghanistan) c\u00f3 352,000 qu\u00e2n. Ph\u00eda Taliban c\u00f3 60,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 Haqquani t\u1eeb 4 t\u1edbi 15 ng\u00e0n, Mahaz 8,000, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng Taliban c\u00f3 tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 80,000 qu\u00e2n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 cho bi\u1ebft t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft, th\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u00eda Qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft trong s\u1ed1 352,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau l\u00ednh nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1, bao nhi\u00eau l\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, ph\u00eda Taliban c\u0169ng v\u1eady<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00ecn s\u01a1 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd 32 tri\u1ec7u, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 VNCH n\u0103m 1975 (kho\u1ea3ng 20 tri\u1ec7u), nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn VN l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n trong l\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn VN do \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, ph\u00eda D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat b\u1ecf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec qu\u00e1 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ecb d\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng (Taliban new Arsenal) n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho Taliban t\u1ecbch thu h\u1ed3m 169 thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p, m\u00e1y bay tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng g\u1ed3m h\u01a1n 100 chi\u1ebfc, xe nh\u00e0 binh kho\u1ea3ng 50,000 chi\u1ebfc. Trang M\u1ed9t G\u00f3c Tr\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng link ti\u1ebfng Anh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho Taliban nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 S\u00fang m\u00e1y, xe nh\u00e0 binh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3i m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb 14\/7 Taliban chi\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi Pakistan nh\u01b0ng h\u00f4m sau qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i. Ng\u00e0y 12\/8 Taliban chi\u1ebfm 4 t\u1ec9nh, sau chi\u1ebfm th\u00eam 6 t\u1ec9nh, ng\u00e0y 14\/8 Jalalabad s\u1eafp m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 15\/8 Taliban chi\u1ebfm Vadard. Ng\u00e0y 16\/8 T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng Afghanistan Hamid Karzai b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1n, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u, l\u00fac \u1ea5y Anh v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 lo c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Afghanistan. Ng\u00e0y 26\/8 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 \u00f4m bom t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t khi\u1ebfn 13 l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1nh bom \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y 30\/8\/2021 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i kh\u1ecfi phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kabul, nay t\u1ea1i Afghanistan c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang \u0111i. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a H\u1ed3i Gi\u00e1o Afghanistan m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n Taliban nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 giao \u0111\u1ea5t cho Taliban. T\u1eeb h\u00f4m 12\/8 Taliban chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 10 t\u1ec9nh cho t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y h\u1ecd v\u00e0o Kabul 15\/8 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 4 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ecnh b\u00e1o M\u1ef9 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n, Kabul s\u1ebd s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u00e0n giao quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Taliban ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Kabul h\u00f4m 15\/8 trong cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5\/2021, v\u00e0i gi\u1edd sau khi c\u00f3 tin T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng Asharaf Ghani chu\u1ed3n kh\u1ecfi dinh.
\nD\u01b0 lu\u1eadn \u00c2u Ch\u00e2u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00ean \u00e1n, x\u1ec9 v\u1ea3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch r\u00fat qu\u00e2n ngu xu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Biden \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 nhanh ch\u00f3ng, Biden tin t\u01b0\u1edfng Taliban chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 90 ng\u00e0y. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 Afghanistan kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 khi h\u1ecd r\u00fat qu\u00e2n b\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng d\u1ea1i g\u00ec m\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng minh di t\u1ea3n ngon l\u00e0nh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc NATO \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1eedi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat b\u1ecf Afghanistan m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n th\u1ea3o v\u1edbi h\u1ecd trong khi NATO \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1. Li\u00ean \u00c2u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/strong>
Chi\u1ebfn tranh Afghanistan \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 8\/2021 sau m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c lui binh h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n v\u00f4 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c r\u00fat qu\u00e2n nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y L\u1eadp Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn nay. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Biden \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i h\u00e8n h\u1ea1 n\u0103n n\u1ec9 k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbch nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 xin gia h\u1ea1n di t\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p.
N\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ebft b\u1ea9n th\u1ec9u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay khi Biden tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u1ebd vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ec9 Taliban \u0111\u1ec3 xin ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p di t\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m cho M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n k\u1eb9t l\u1ea1i.
Sau khi cu\u1ed9c di t\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, t\u1ea1i Kabul ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Taliban m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5n h\u00e0nh, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m ba chi\u1ebfc quan t\u00e0i, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng c\u1edd M\u1ef9, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1ecdc c\u1edd Anh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1ecdc c\u1edd Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i ba th\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ecf.
Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i Kabul di t\u1ea3n g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb S\u00e0i G\u00f2n n\u0103m x\u01b0a, nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn VN kh\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Afghanistan m\u1ed9t tr\u1eddi m\u1ed9t v\u1ef1c. T\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1n, nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef kh\u00ed ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 danh d\u1ef1 cho Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i VNCH. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong cu\u1ed9c lui binh t\u1eeb Qu\u00e2n khu II nh\u01b0ng mi\u1ec1n Nam kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i khi qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec7n b\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m t\u1edbi x\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee7y t\u1eeb 1974, 1975.
S\u00e1u th\u00e1ng sau khi k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Paris, Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 ra Lu\u1eadt C\u1ea5m oanh t\u1ea1c y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ecd ra lu\u1eadt c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m 50%,.. N\u0103m 1973 M\u1ef9 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 VN 2 t\u1ef7 1, n\u0103m sau c\u00f2n 1 t\u1ef7 4, n\u0103m sau 1975 c\u00f2n 700 tri\u1ec7u, ti\u1ec1n m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c ra ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 500 tri\u1ec7u (5)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1974 h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 60 t\u1edbi 70% , th\u00e1ng 3\/1975 \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 4\/1975 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 cho x\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 10 ng\u00e0y (Cao V\u0103n Vi\u00ean Nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a VNCH trang 91, 92).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i BV \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i CS ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7: Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1973-1975: T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 724,512 t\u1ea5n g\u1ed3m 75,267 t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n, 649,246 t\u1ea5n v\u0169 kh\u00ed trang b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, trong \u0111\u00f3 Li\u00ean X\u00f4: 65,601 t\u1ea5n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c 620,354 t\u1ea5n, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c : 38,557 t\u1ea5n (6).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i bu\u00f4ng s\u00fang th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn cho Taliban v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Kabul v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i. Ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 cho k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i thong dong l\u00ean m\u00e1y bay v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chi\u1ebfn ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean 2,261 t\u1ef7. Chi ph\u00ed Chi\u1ebfn Tranh VN trong b\u00e0i Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn VN t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m bao nhi\u00eau? C\u1ee7a Alan Rohn (7), h\u1ecd n\u00f3i chi ph\u00ed tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 168 t\u1ef7.
\nKh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a VNCH v\u00e0 A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n v\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u00e1ch nhau t\u1edbi n\u1eeda Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, nh\u01b0ng ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft Trong khi VNCH tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975 c\u00f3 2,075 m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i (Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Chi\u1ebfn tranh VN to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, trang 877), thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p 2,200 chi\u1ebfc (trang 869) ph\u00e1o binh c\u00f3 40 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 105, 16 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 155, 45 ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f2an 175 (trang 871). Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh Afghanistan c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 hai l\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a TT Nixon tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Paris (cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 1\/1973) Enhance v\u00e0 Enhance Plus ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y TT Nixon \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam cho VNCH 622 m\u00e1y bay c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, 3 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u00e1o binh 175mm, hai ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p M-48 (8). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh VN l\u1edbn c\u1ee1 n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enhance v\u00e0 Enhance Phus l\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a TT Nixon \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u0103m 1969 v\u00e0 1971 \u00f4ng cho t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng sang Mi\u00ean, L\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbch ng\u00f5 h\u1ea7u khi r\u00fat qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec VNCH v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ecf mi\u1ec1n Nam s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho Hoa K\u1ef3 m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u uy t\u00edn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng minh. M\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 \u00edch khi \u0111\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t r\u00fat b\u1ecf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Phong tr\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh, D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 r\u00fat b\u1ecf VN m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 b\u1ecf r\u01a1i mi\u1ec1n Nam th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7, trong khi C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. L\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a TT Nixon, c\u1ee7a D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 b\u00ean n\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang, b\u00ean n\u00e0o sai ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed sau n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nay Trung C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng gi\u00fap Taliban nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng m\u1eb7n n\u1ed3ng l\u1eafm v\u00ec H\u1ed3i Gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn CS v\u00f4 th\u1ea7n. Cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecnh duy\u00ean Trung C\u1ed9ng -Taliban n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm th\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng l\u1ee3n thiu\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anh nh\u00e0 gi\u1ea7u hay s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i lo ngay ng\u00e1y m\u1ed9t khi Taliban l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n nh\u01b0 x\u01b0a, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5p Al-Qaeda v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 M\u1ef9 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb9p tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa VN v\u00e0 A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n, trong khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn VN d\u01b0\u1edbi con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a VN kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec t\u1edbi t\u1edbi \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 nh\u01b0 thuy\u1ebft Dominoes t\u1eeb th\u1eddi TT Eisenhower. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ecf VNCH, b\u1ecf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng sao c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i VN, Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat h\u1ebft qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb sau Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Paris cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 1\/1973, trong bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 1975 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 r\u00fat m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u00e0m t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m cho M\u1ef9 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng cho \u0111i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Afghanistan l\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i VNCH chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1edbi vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, c\u00e1c \u00f4ng l\u1edbn l\u00ean m\u00e1y bay \u0111i \u0111\u1ea3o Guam tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i Kabul, qu\u00e2n Taliban kh\u00f4ng v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf hay ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p c\u1edd c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a Afghanistan, h\u1ecd x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng r\u1ed3i c\u1ea5t \u0111i, c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o dinh \u0110\u1ed9c L\u1eadp tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y 30\/4\/1975. L\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o dinh v\u00e0 ch\u1eedi b\u1edbi r\u1ea5t m\u1ea5t d\u1eady v\u1edbi c\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c cao c\u1ea5p VNCH, h\u1ecd m\u1ecdi r\u1ee3 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00fang l\u00fd ra ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e0o \u00f4ng T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng r\u1ed3i h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd xin k\u00fd v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y qu\u00ed v\u1ecb xem trong phim \u201cParis brule-t-il? Paris c\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng?\u201d \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y r\u00f5, m\u1ed9t anh Trung \u00fay kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o b\u1eaft \u00f4ng Trung T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u1ee9c, anh ta \u0111\u00e3 d\u01a1 tay ch\u00e0o v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng Trung T\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ?\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y n\u1eeda Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u00e1n khai th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng tr\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1ecdng \u0110\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) List of Countries by GDP (nominal) per capita<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: Chi\u1ebfn Tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam To\u00e0n T\u1eadp, 1963-1975, trang 587.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) Theo Cost for the war in Afghanistan 2001-2021<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(4) War in Afghanistan, 2001-2021, Wikipedia<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(5) Kissinger, Years of Renewal trang 471.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(6) BBC.com ng\u00e0y 10\/5\/2006, Vi\u1ec7n Tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cho mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, ngu\u1ed3n chi vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e0nh cho mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(7) How Much Did The Vietnam War Cost? $168 Billion was only the direct cost<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(8) Richard Nixon, No More Vietnams trang 170-171<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam Nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng so s\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh S\u00e0i G\u00f2n th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13322,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tim-hieu"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lediemchihue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/10-2.jpg?fit=2199%2C1237&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7bhGG-3sR","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13321","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13321"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13321\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13323,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13321\/revisions\/13323"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13322"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13321"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13321"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13321"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}