{"id":12860,"date":"2021-05-20T16:18:38","date_gmt":"2021-05-20T16:18:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/?p=12860"},"modified":"2021-05-23T01:49:06","modified_gmt":"2021-05-23T01:49:06","slug":"david-guy-le-diem-chi-hue-viet-dich-evans-wentz-an-si-om-non-cao-nguoi-mang-tu-thu-tay-tang-qua-phuong-tay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/?p=12860","title":{"rendered":"Evans-Wentz: \u1ea8n S\u0129 \u00d4m Non Cao (Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mang \u201cT\u1eed Th\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng\u201d Qua Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

David Guy\/L\u00ea Di\u1ec5m Chi Hu\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd\nd\u1ecbch t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o nh\u01b0ng Evans-Wentz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u00e1c\nv\u0103n b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n T\u1eed Th\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n n\u0103m\n1927. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb7c\nbi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m. \u00d4ng Roger Corless, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 T\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o H\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Duke cho bi\u1ebft:\n\u201c\u00d4ng Evans-Wentz kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4\nt\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ti\u00ean phong \u0111em Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0o\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, Evans-Wentz kh\u00f4ng cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng\nt\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111em ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. V\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh, t\u00e0i\nh\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n hoa m\u1ef9, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u thi\u00ean sai, ng\u00e0y nay \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ncoi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y cho tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u New Age.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f9 v\u1eady, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec3 tr\u1ecdng.\n\u00d4ng mang ch\u00fat v\u0103n v\u1ebb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean QY\nEvans-Wentz, Th\u1ea1c s\u0129, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 V\u0103n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Jesus, Oxford. Evans-Wentz\nd\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt th\u1eddi gian \u1edf Oxford m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m\nchuy\u1ec3n giao th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Trenton, ti\u1ec3u bang New Jersey.  Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 cao \u201cl\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea9n\nc\u01b0\u201d, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thanh ni\u00ean m\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng, c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n, th\u01a1 th\u1ea9n nh\u1eefng chi\u1ec1u bu\u1ed3n b\u00ean d\u00f2ng\ns\u00f4ng Delaware th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh v\u1ea3i che th\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u n\u1ecd,\nch\u00e0ng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ea5t ng\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh b\u1edfi ni\u1ec1m tin kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t\ntr\u00ean c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, ngay l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00fac \u1ea9n l\u00fac\nhi\u1ec7n trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed. Ngay \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00e0ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eef\nkh\u00e1ch phi\u00eau l\u01b0u c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea1, v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, xuy\u00ean n\u00fai r\u1eebng, b\u0103ng sa m\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ebfn\nt\u1eadn c\u00f9ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, Evans-Wentz  tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ebb h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng, lang thang t\u1eeb Ai C\u1eadp, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, X\u00edch Kim, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u00d4ng \u0111i v\u1ec1 gi\u1eefa hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00fac so\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1n T\u1eed Th\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft nh\u1eadt k\u00fd v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00fa\n\u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u cho cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed mang t\u00ean K\u1ebb H\u00e0nh H\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ec1 C\u00f5i S\u00e1ng\n\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1982.  Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m\nb\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u\nb\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111eo bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00e1i tim thi\u00eang li\u00eang tr\u00ean tay \u00e1o, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c \u00f4ng v\u1eabn gi\u1ea5u\nk\u00edn<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evans-Wentz c\u00f3 hai anh trai v\u00e0 hai ch\u1ecb g\u00e1i\nnh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c. Cha \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia g\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ee9c, nghi\u1ec7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u. M\u1eb9 \u00f4ng,\nng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c1i Nh\u0129 Lan, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho \u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt\n(Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u tay c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i Oxford mang t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 Ni\u1ec1m Tin C\u1ed5 T\u00edch\nTrong C\u00e1c N\u01b0\u1edbc Celtic (L\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf \u00f4ng theo \u0111\u1ea1o Tin L\u00e0nh. L\u1edbn l\u00ean gia\n\u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m linh. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m\n\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a B\u00e0 Blavatsky,\nng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i Th\u00f4ng Thi\u00ean H\u1ecdc. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec B\u00e0 Blavatsky tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n\nc\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c L\u1ea1t ma T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng n\u00ean \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a\nHimalaya xa x\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00e0\nTh\u00f4ng Thi\u00ean H\u1ecdc. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng si\u00eau nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u1ed1i\ncao.  Evans-Wentz vi\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi\nthi\u1ec7u: \u201cD\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0110\u1ea5t M\u1eb9, trong s\u1ef1 rung chuy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ng ng\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y sinh l\u1ef1c, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y\nc\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t m\u00e3i lu\u00e2n l\u01b0u.\u201d  \u00d4ng\nnh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ch\u00e2n l\u00fd trong c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c Gi\u00e1o, \u0111i\u1ec1u\nm\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf nhen. Lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.\n\u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tin v\u00e0o t\u00e1i sanh nh\u01b0ng\nkh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u sao \u0111\u1ee9c tin ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evans-Wentz xem nh\u1eb9 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh lu\u00f4n l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sau khi \u00f4ng vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n.\u00a0 Tuy v\u1eady, \u00f4ng theo cha m\u00ecnh b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng\ns\u1ea3n b\u1edfi n\u00f3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m \u0111eo \u0111u\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc\ncho \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i ngo\u00e0i 20.  \u00d4ng theo cha m\u00ecnh\n\u0111\u1ebfn San Diego, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec \u00f4ng th\u00edch v\u00f9ng Loma, tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh \u1edf M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00f4ng\nThi\u00ean H\u1ecdc. N\u0103m 24 tu\u1ed5i \u00f4ng ghi danh h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Stanford theo di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. N\u0103m\n1907 \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Jesus College, Ofxord v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 hai ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1eed nh\u00e2n\nv\u00e0 cao h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Stanford v\u00e0o l\u00fac 29 tu\u1ed5i. \nL\u00fac \u1edf Oxford, \u00f4ng theo h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u00f4n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u201ct\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ea7n linh\u201d\nr\u1ed3i lang thang x\u1ee9 Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Cornwall, Britanny v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o Man \u0111\u1ec3\nthu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1eabu chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, ti\u00ean n\u1eef v\u00e0 y\u00eau tinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1916, Evans-Wentz thu nh\u1eadp $1600 l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0 \u00d4ng qua \u00c1i Nh\u0129 Lan th\u0103m hai nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 George William Russels v\u00e0 William Butlr Yeats. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c Th\u00f4ng Thi\u00ean H\u1ecdc. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng chu du nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 Ai C\u1eadp, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn 29 th\u00e1ng. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Roger Corless, m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Duke \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Evans v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1n T\u1eed Th\u01b0 Ai C\u1eadp c\u1ee7a E. Wallace Budge m\u00e0 Evans-Wentz l\u1ea5y \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ef1a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, l\u00e0 T\u1eed Th\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng (T\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n l\u00e0 C\u1ea9m Nang Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00f3at Qua Nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ebft Th\u00e2n Trung \u1ea4m)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb Ai C\u1eadp,\n\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Ceylon v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Th\u00f4ng\nThi\u00ean H\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc,\n\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9c\ntin t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng \u0111i lang thang kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2n n\u00fai Hy M\u00e3 L\u1ea1p S\u01a1n, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t\n\u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho B\u00e0 Blavatsky, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y t\u00e2m linh m\u00e0 \u00f4ng s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd trong\ns\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i Darjeeling, Evans-Wentz \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng\nc\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng nam sinh \u1edf Gangtok, Sikkim, t\u00ean l\u00e0 DawaSamdup. Dawa-Samdup t\u1eebng\nl\u00e0m th\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch vi\u00ean cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Anh \u1edf Sikkim v\u00e0 \u0111ang l\u00e0m t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n T\u1ea1ng-Anh.\nNh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Theo ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Winkler,\n\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u201cnguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ef7\u201d, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111i lang thang kh\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1eddng\nh\u1ecdc trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y, b\u1ecf b\u00ea h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong khi \u00f4ng \u201csuy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n\n\u0111\u1ec1 si\u00eau h\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh Kazi Dawa-Samdup v\u00e0 Evans-Wents t\u1ea1i Sikkim n\u0103m 1920. H\u00ecnh Evans-Wents l\u00fac tr\u1ebb t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford.<\/em><\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kawa-Samdup chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch.\nTrong m\u1ed7i chuy\u1ebfn du h\u00e0nh, Evans-Wentz \u0111\u00e3 mua r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i t\u00e2m\nlinh. Samdup th\u00ec s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i kh\u00e1c. Theo \u00f4ng Rick Fields, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3\ncu\u1ed1n \u201cHow the Swans Came to the Lake: A Narrative History of Buddhism in America\u201d,  c\u1ea3 hai Evans-Wentz v\u00e0 Kawa Samdup c\u00f9ng nhau\nl\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb m\u1edd s\u00e1ng, Kawi Kawa-Samdup th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0\nEvans-Wentz \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u201ct\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n s\u1ed1ng\u201d h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Samdup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Oxford khi\u1ebfn\nEvans-Wentz kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u0103ng k\u00ednh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o\nt\u1ec9 giao v\u00e0 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u00e2n gian, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi s\u01a1 s\u00f3t v\u1ec1\nng\u00f4n ph\u00e1p, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 hai ch\u1eef “ye ‘s” v\u00e0 “thou ‘s ” b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng\nc\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i trong Kinh th\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 Evans-Wentz kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt\nng\u1eef \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f9 v\u1eady, Rick Fields c\u0169ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng\nl\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a T\u1eed Th\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\nT\u00e2y. Ba n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 J.B. Pratt cho r\u1eb1ng “Ph\u1eadt\ngi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb pha tr\u1ed9n nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 phi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u00f4i ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi\n\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o”.  Tuy nhi\u00ean,\nEvans-Wentz c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c, \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tha ho\u00e1\nm\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tinh vi v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi\nPh\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n hay b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 tinh hoa c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec9nh\ncao.  Fields g\u1ecdi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc n\u00e0y l\u00e0\nth\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Evans-Wents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1922, ba n\u0103m sau khi hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c\nl\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, Kazi Dawa-Samdup qua \u0111\u1eddi. Evans-Ewents tu luy\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3\n\u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc khi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n yoga, \u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t\nt\u00fap l\u1ec1u c\u1ecf. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Kazi Dawa-Samdup m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng\nn\u00e0o cho th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng coi Kazi Dawa-Samdup l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evans-Wents th\u00edch tu t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng th\u00f4n qu\u00ea \u1ea4n\n\u0110\u1ed9, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian linh thi\u00eang, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t\ntri\u1ec3n su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m.  \u00d4ng chia s\u1ebb trong\nm\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o Th\u00f4ng Thi\u00ean H\u1ecdc n\u0103m 1942 r\u1eb1ng: “T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m linh thi\u00eang,\nt\u00f9y theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba b\u1edfi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 gia\nt\u0103ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t t\u00e2m linh trong c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u1eadt l\u00fd. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 ng\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp,\nl\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 chinh ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng…”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Kazi Dawa-Samdup qua \u0111\u1eddi cho \u0111\u1ebfn\nkhi chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a\nEvans-Wentz.  \u00d4ng \u0111i v\u1ec1 gi\u1eefa ba n\u01a1i quan\ntr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng: \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Anh v\u00e0 California. \n\u00d4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 th\u1ea7y \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0\ncu\u1ed1n T\u1eed Th\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0 Yogi Milarepas v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1928. Cu\u1ed1n n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t h\u1ecda\n\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 Evans-Wentz g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ebft”, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh\n“Ngh\u1ec7 Thu\u1eadt L\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 Cu\u1ed9c S\u1ed1ng”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1935, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Yogi Milarepa\nv\u00e0 cho ra \u0111\u1eddi cu\u1ed1n Thi\u1ec1n Yoga v\u00e0 M\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, tin r\u1eb1ng \u201cch\u1ec9 khi Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\nT\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng th\u00ec n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi v\u0103n minh m\u1edbi th\u1eadt s\u1ef1\nph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.\u201d T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 mang gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n qua l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng\nc\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Keystones t\u1ea1i San Diego, n\u01a1i Evans-Wents t\u1eebng \u1ea9n d\u1eadt<\/em><\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Evans-Wentz r\u1ebd sang b\u01b0\u1edbc\nngo\u1eb7c k\u1ef3 qu\u00e1i: Khi chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, \u00f4ng- k\u1ebb l\u00e3ng du th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi,\nm\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1ea9n d\u1eadt trong c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Keystone th\u00e0nh\nph\u1ed1 San Diego. \u00d4ng s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ba n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi.  Evans-Wentz ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Keystone v\u00ec n\u01a1i\n\u0111\u00e2y g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng chay duy nh\u1ea5t trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u00ean l\u00e0 House of Nutrition,\nv\u00e0 g\u1ea7n th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng m\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 cho \u0111i h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ea5n\nb\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1n linh thi\u00eang cho\nri\u00eang m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai Cuchama, c\u00e1ch bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Mexico v\u00e0i d\u1eb7m. T\u1eebng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u\nt\u01b0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u00f4ng c\u0169ng mua b\u00e1n. \u00d4ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t c\u0103n nh\u00e0 nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean n\u00fai\nCuchama v\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng\n\u0111\u1ec1 cao \u201cl\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea9n c\u01b0\u201d, xa l\u00eca ti\u1ec7n nghi, n\u1ebfm tr\u00e3i s\u1ef1 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y Hy\nM\u00e3 L\u1ea1p S\u01a1n quanh n\u0103m tuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee7, kho\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u1ea3i th\u00f4, l\u00f3t l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi\nn\u1eafm l\u00faa m\u1ea1ch. Evans-Wentz th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea9n s\u0129, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0\nv\u1eady t\u1ea1i San Diego cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"

Evans-Ewentz t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 mua ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai linh thi\u00eang Cuchama, n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi California v\u00e0 Mexico. <\/em><\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4ng th\u1ed1 l\u1ed9 trong trang nh\u1eadt k\u00fd sau c\u00f9ng:\n“T\u00f4i b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e0i\nMilarepa \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y: l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh ph\u1ebf t\u00edch, g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 trong chia ly, h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5\ntrong ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft.  Li\u1ec7u\nc\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng gi\u1eefa ph\u1ed1 th\u1ecb California hay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1\nHy M\u00e3 L\u1ea1p S\u01a1n hoang d\u00e3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng\nEvans-Wentz \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai thi\u00eang v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1o\nm\u00e0 \u00f4ng m\u00e3i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm trong cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do g\u00ec\n\u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng lang thang n\u1eefa!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00ea Di\u1ec5m Chi Hu\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n:\nhttps:\/\/tricycle.org\/magazine\/hermit-who-owned-his-mountain\/<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

David Guy\/L\u00ea Di\u1ec5m Chi Hu\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch Kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12861,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12860","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bai-viet"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lediemchihue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/10-11.jpg?fit=643%2C606&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7bhGG-3lq","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12860","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12860"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12860\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12892,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12860\/revisions\/12892"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12861"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12860"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lediemchihue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}